A short summary of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)

📌 Headline Targets (by 2030):
🌳 30x30 Target: Protect 30% of the world’s land and oceans.
🐝 Restore at least 30% of degraded ecosystems.
💰 Mobilize $200+ billion/year for biodiversity (public & private sources).
❌ Eliminate or reform $500+ billion/year in harmful subsidies.
🌾 Reduce pesticide risk by 50% and nutrient loss by 50%.
🧬 Ensure fair access to digital genetic resources.

Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (2022)
Adopted: December 2022, at the UN Biodiversity Conference (COP15)
Goal: Halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030, with full recovery by 2050.

Video Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework

Key Goals (by 2050):
Protect Nature: Safeguard ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity.
Sustainable Use: Ensure nature is used responsibly and equitably.
Fair Benefit Sharing: Equitable access to genetic resources and benefits.
Finance & Implementation: Close the biodiversity finance gap and strengthen capacity.

Headline Targets (by 2030):
30x30 Target: Protect 30% of the world’s land and oceans.
Restore at least 30% of degraded ecosystems.
Mobilize $200+ billion/year for biodiversity (public & private sources).
❌ Eliminate or reform $500+ billion/year in harmful subsidies.
Reduce pesticide risk by 50% and nutrient loss by 50%.
Ensure fair access to digital genetic resources.

Implementation:
Countries must develop national biodiversity strategies and action plans (NBSAPs).
Progress tracked through a monitoring framework with clear indicators.

Importance:
It’s the most ambitious global biodiversity plan to date — often described as the "Paris Agreement for Nature".